US-based sourcing channel into vetted Taiwan and China manufacturing (585) 582-6229
Hellems Associates, LLC

Technical Library

Self-drilling and
self-tapping screws

The distinction matters commercially: a self-drilling screw removes a drilling operation from the assembly line, which is usually worth more than the difference in piece price between the two.

Which type for which job

TypeNeeds a pilot hole?Works inWhy choose it
Self-drilling
drill point, sometimes called Tek-type
NoSheet steel, steel framing, HVAC duct, cladding Drills, taps and fastens in one action. Removes a drilling step and the labour with it.
Self-tapping
thread-cutting
YesThicker sections, castings, harder material Cuts its own mating thread, removing material as a chip. Lower driving torque than forming.
Thread-forming
for metal or for plastic
YesDuctile metals, and plastic housings Displaces rather than cuts, so no chips and a stronger, work-hardened thread. The default for plastic housings, where a chip would be a contamination and a reliability problem.
Machine screw into a formed thread Tapped holeAnything reassembled repeatedly Where the joint will be opened and closed many times.

Self-drilling point sizes

Point number indicates drilling capacity - broadly, how much total steel thickness the point can get through before the threads engage. A point that is too small stalls and burns; too large and the screw drills through the substrate before the thread bites.

PointIndicative steel drilling capacityTypical application
#1to ~1.2 mmLight gauge sheet, thin cladding
#2~0.9-2.0 mmGeneral sheet metal and duct
#3~2.0-3.0 mmLight structural, purlins
#4~3.0-4.5 mmHeavier steel framing
#5~4.5-6.0 mmStructural steel

Capacities are indicative and vary by manufacturer, point geometry and steel grade. Confirm against the specific product data before designing an assembly around a point size - we will supply the plant's figures with a quotation.

Failure modes worth designing out

How to use these tables. The values here are standard reference figures published to help you specify and compare parts. They are guidance, not a substitute for your own engineering standard, and several of them (torque above all) depend on assumptions about friction, lubrication and joint material that will differ in your application. Where a number matters, confirm it against the governing specification and against the part drawing. We will supply the plant's actual test data with any quotation.

Request a Quote Back to the Technical Library